The kMAC framework: redefining MAC protocols for wireless sensor networks
نویسندگان
چکیده
Most current WSN MAC protocol implementations have multiple tasks to perform—deciding on correct timing, sending of packets, sending of acknowledgements, etc. However, as much of this is common to all MAC protocols, there is duplication of functionality, which leads to larger MAC protocol code size and therefore increasing numbers of bugs. Additionally, extensions to the basic functionality must be separately implemented in each MAC protocol. In this paper, we look at a different way to design a MAC protocol, focusing on the providing of interfaces which can be used to implement the common functionality separately. This leaves the core of the MAC protocol, determining only when to send, which is substantially different for each protocol. We also look at some examples of MAC extensions that this approach enables. We demonstrate a working implementation of these principles as an implementation of B-MAC for TinyOS, and compare it with the standard TinyOS B-MAC implementation. We show a 35% smaller code size, with the same overall functionality but increased extensibility, and while maintaining similar performance. We also present results and experiences from using the same framework to implement T-MAC, LMAC, and Crankshaft. All are demonstrated with data from real-world experience using our 24 node testbed.
منابع مشابه
Multi-channel Medium Access Control Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey
Extensive researches on Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been performed and many techniques have been developed for the data link (MAC) layer. Most of them assume single-channel MAC protocols. In the usual dense deployment of the sensor networks, single-channel MAC protocols may be deficient because of radio collisions and limited bandwidth. Hence, using multiple channels can significantly ...
متن کاملMulti-channel Medium Access Control Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks: A Survey
Extensive researches on Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have been performed and many techniques have been developed for the data link (MAC) layer. Most of them assume single-channel MAC protocols. In the usual dense deployment of the sensor networks, single-channel MAC protocols may be deficient because of radio collisions and limited bandwidth. Hence, using multiple channels can significantly ...
متن کاملA Novel Comprehensive Taxonomy of Intelligent-Based Routing Protocols in Wireless Sensor Networks
Routing in ad-hoc networks, specifically intelligent-based ones, is a highly interested research topic in recent years. Most of them are simulation-based study. Large percentages have not even mentioned some of the fundamental parameters. This strictly reduces their validity and reliability. On the other hand, there is not a comprehensive framework to classify routing algorithms in wireless sen...
متن کاملGame Theory based Energy Efficient Hybrid MAC Protocol for Lifetime Enhancement of Wireless Sensor Network
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) comprising of tiny, power-constrained nodes are getting very popular due to their potential uses in wide applications like monitoring of environmental conditions, various military and civilian applications. The critical issue in the node is energy consumption since it is operated using battery, therefore its lifetime should be maximized for effective utilization ...
متن کاملHYREP: A Hybrid Low-Power Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks
In this paper, a new hybrid routing protocol is presented for low power Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). The new system uses an integrated piezoelectric energy harvester to increase the network lifetime. Power dissipation is one of the most important factors affecting lifetime of a WSN. An innovative cluster head selection technique using Cuckoo optimization algorithm has been used in the desig...
متن کامل